When Your Pet’s Behavior Tells You They're Sick
Best Pet Daily - Often, we have to rely on changes in behavior to know our pets are feeling poorly
As much as we love our pets, they have an annoying habit of being a bit too mysterious when it comes to their health.
Unlike humans, they can’t simply say, “Hey, I’m feeling under the weather today.”
Instead, our cats and dogs drop subtle hints through their behavior.
And let’s face it—those hints can sometimes be hard to catch unless you know what to look for.
But don’t worry, by the time you finish this guide, you’ll be a pet-behavior detective, ready to crack the case when your furry friend isn't feeling their best.
1. The Subtle Signs of Sickness in Dogs
Dogs are known for their energy, loyalty, and tendency to get into mischief (who among us hasn’t had to rescue a dog from a trash can or shoe pile?). But when a normally energetic dog suddenly seems lazy or less eager to play, it might not just be a sign of a rough day. Lethargy is one of the top clues that something could be off with your canine companion.
Lethargy: When Naps Become a Concern
Dogs are known for napping, but there’s a difference between a good old dog snooze and a lethargic dog. If your dog is usually playful but starts acting like they’ve got a case of the Mondays all week long, this is a red flag. They may seem uninterested in walks, playtime, or food. Lethargy can indicate anything from mild discomfort to more serious conditions like infections, metabolic disorders, or even heart disease. If the sluggishness lasts for more than a day or two, it’s time to call your vet. After all, dogs are meant to chase sticks, not stare at them longingly from the couch.
Changes in Eating Habits
Most dogs are, let’s be honest, food fanatics. A sudden change in appetite—whether they’re eating less, eating more, or acting picky about food—can be a sign that something is wrong. A loss of appetite could indicate anything from dental problems to gastrointestinal issues. Conversely, if your dog is suddenly inhaling their food like a vacuum, this could also signal an underlying issue, such as diabetes or thyroid problems. Always pay attention to what’s in the bowl!
Excessive Scratching or Licking
A little bit of scratching is normal. But if your dog is turning into a scratching or licking machine, it could be a sign that something more serious is going on. Fleas, allergies, or even skin infections could be the cause. Excessive licking, especially at their paws, can also be a sign of anxiety or discomfort. Pay close attention to what’s causing that itch—and definitely give your vet a call if it’s getting out of hand.
Unusual Vocalization: Whining, Barking, or Growling
You know your dog’s normal sounds, whether they’re barking to alert you of an intruder (or a squirrel), or whining because they’re impatient for dinner. But when your dog’s vocalizations start to change unexpectedly, it might be a sign they’re feeling unwell. Excessive whining could indicate pain, while growling might be their way of showing irritation or discomfort. If their usual “woof” has turned into something more persistent or unusual, don’t ignore it.
2. The Sneaky Symptoms in Cats
Cats, on the other hand, are the masters of subtlety. Unlike dogs, they tend to hide their pain or sickness until it becomes more serious. This is why it’s especially important to keep an eye on changes in your cat’s behavior. Trust me, if your cat starts acting a bit “off,” it’s not just a feline mood swing—they might be trying to tell you something.
Hiding More Than Usual
Cats are naturally a bit more private than dogs. Some of them love to hide in boxes or sneak under the bed for a nap. But if your usually sociable kitty is avoiding you, hiding for long periods of time, or isolating themselves more than normal, it might be a sign that they’re unwell. Cats often hide when they’re in pain or feeling vulnerable. It’s their way of protecting themselves, but unfortunately, it also makes it tricky for us to know when something’s wrong.
Changes in Grooming Habits
Cats are like little personal grooming experts. They spend a good chunk of their day licking and cleaning their fur. So, when that changes—either by grooming too much or not enough—it’s a clue that something is wrong. Excessive grooming can be a sign of skin conditions, allergies, or stress. On the flip side, if your cat stops grooming altogether, it could be due to pain, arthritis, or other illnesses that make grooming difficult. If your cat’s usually sleek coat starts looking unkempt or patchy, it’s time to give the vet a ring.
Appetite Loss or Overeating
Just like dogs, cats can have appetite changes when they’re sick. If your cat suddenly loses interest in their favorite tuna-flavored treats, it’s a sign that something might be off. Appetite loss in cats can be linked to a variety of health issues, including dental problems, gastrointestinal discomfort, or even kidney disease. On the other hand, if your cat starts overeating, this could also indicate a health issue like hyperthyroidism or diabetes. Either way, any significant change in eating habits warrants attention.
Aggression or Irritability
Let’s face it: some cats are naturally a little spicy. But if your normally chill cat starts acting out—hissing, scratching, or showing signs of aggression—it could be because they’re in pain. Cats don’t always vocalize their discomfort the way dogs do, so changes in mood and temperament are one of the key indicators that something is wrong. If your cat starts swatting at you for no reason or seems irritable, it’s time to investigate further.
3. The Connection Between Behavior and Illness
It’s easy to write off a pet’s change in behavior as a mood swing or quirk. But the truth is, pets often use behavior as their primary way of communicating that they’re sick. While we humans might moan and groan when we’re feeling under the weather, animals rely on more subtle cues—things like refusing food, isolating themselves, or acting unusually aggressive.
Why Pets Don’t Show Pain Like Humans
In the wild, animals hide signs of weakness to avoid becoming a target for predators. This instinct hasn’t gone away, even though our pets now live in the safety of our homes. That’s why dogs and cats often don’t show obvious signs of pain or discomfort until they absolutely have to. Unfortunately, this can make it difficult for pet owners to catch illnesses early. That’s where being extra observant comes in.
Common Illnesses Linked to Behavioral Changes
Behavioral changes can be linked to a variety of illnesses. For example, lethargy and loss of appetite are often early signs of infections or digestive issues. Unusual vocalization, aggression, or hiding can be symptoms of pain from injuries, dental problems, or chronic conditions like arthritis. And if your pet is constantly scratching or licking, it could be due to skin infections, allergies, or parasites. While these signs may seem minor at first, they’re your pet’s way of waving a red flag.
4. How Behavioral Changes Differ Between Dogs and Cats
As any pet parent knows, dogs and cats have vastly different ways of expressing themselves. Understanding these differences is crucial when it comes to spotting illness in your furry friends.
Dogs: Increased Clinginess vs. Withdrawal
When dogs are feeling unwell, they tend to either become overly clingy or completely withdrawn. If your dog is suddenly following you around like a shadow or refusing to leave your side, it could be because they’re seeking comfort. On the flip side, if your normally affectionate dog starts hiding, avoiding contact, or seems distant, this is also a sign that something’s up. It’s like they’re trying to figure out how to deal with their discomfort alone—except we all know they shouldn’t have to!
Cats: Aloofness vs. Seeking Comfort
Cats are a bit trickier. They can be aloof on the best of days, but when they’re sick, that aloofness often gets dialed up a notch. However, some cats may do the opposite and suddenly seek comfort, becoming more affectionate than usual. If your independent kitty starts curling up next to you more often, purring excessively, or even meowing for attention, it could be their way of saying they need help. It’s like a feline version of, “Hey, something’s not right here.”
5. Common Illnesses That Impact Behavior
When our pets start acting differently, it’s often because they’re feeling under the weather. Many common illnesses can trigger these changes, and as loving pet parents, it’s important to know what could be causing these shifts.
Canine Arthritis and Mood Swings
Just like humans, dogs can develop arthritis as they age, and it’s no walk in the park. If your dog becomes grumpy, avoids their favorite activities, or seems stiff and slow to move, arthritis could be to blame. Pain from joint inflammation can make dogs less active and more irritable. So, if your usually peppy pup is acting like an old soul overnight, it’s worth asking your vet about arthritis.
Feline Urinary Tract Infections and Litter Habits
Cats are particularly susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs), and one of the first signs of trouble is a change in their litter box habits. If your cat is urinating outside the box, straining to go, or going more frequently than usual, a UTI could be the culprit. Don’t be too quick to scold them for accidents—after all, if you had to go that badly, you wouldn’t wait for the bathroom either! UTIs in cats can lead to more serious issues if left untreated, so always take litter box changes seriously.
Gastrointestinal Problems in Pets
A dog or cat with tummy troubles may act differently, too. Gastrointestinal issues, whether it’s diarrhea, vomiting, or constipation, can leave pets feeling sluggish and uncomfortable. You might notice your pet eating less or avoiding food altogether. They may also become more vocal if they’re in pain. Keep an eye on their bathroom habits (not the most glamorous part of pet ownership, but definitely necessary), and if you notice any issues, give your vet a call.
6. Signs It’s Time to See the Vet
It’s easy to brush off some behavioral changes as a bad mood or temporary quirk, but how do you know when it’s serious? Knowing when to see the vet can make all the difference in your pet’s health and well-being.
When Behavior Shifts from Quirky to Concerning
Pets have personalities, and sometimes they’re just plain quirky. But if a quirky behavior becomes persistent, it could be time to take action. For example, if your dog suddenly becomes aggressive or your cat won’t leave their hiding spot for days, these aren’t just personality shifts—they’re likely signs of illness. Trust your gut; you know your pet best.
How Long Should You Wait Before Contacting a Professional?
It’s important not to wait too long if your pet is acting unusual. A good rule of thumb is to observe your pet for 24-48 hours. If their behavior doesn’t improve, or if it worsens, it’s time to contact your vet. Some illnesses can progress quickly, so early intervention is key. Remember, it’s better to be safe than sorry.
7. Behavioral Red Flags That Suggest an Emergency
Not all behavioral changes require an immediate trip to the vet, but some definitely do. Certain red flags suggest an emergency situation, and in these cases, time is of the essence.
Sudden Aggression or Collapse
If your usually gentle pet becomes aggressive out of nowhere, this could be a sign of severe pain or neurological issues. Similarly, if your pet collapses or loses consciousness, this is an emergency, and you should seek veterinary care immediately.
Extreme Lethargy
While a little lethargy can be normal for a tired or aging pet, extreme lethargy is a different story. If your pet seems completely uninterested in moving, eating, or drinking, it’s time to get them to the vet.
Uncontrolled Vomiting or Diarrhea
A bout of vomiting or diarrhea is one thing, but if your pet can’t seem to keep anything down or has uncontrolled bowel movements, this could indicate poisoning, severe infection, or other serious conditions. Always err on the side of caution with these symptoms.
8. Behavioral Symptoms of Chronic Conditions
Chronic conditions like diabetes or hyperthyroidism don’t always show obvious signs right away, but behavioral changes can be early indicators.
Diabetes and Changes in Thirst and Energy
Diabetes in both dogs and cats can cause increased thirst and urination. You may also notice your pet becoming more lethargic or gaining weight. If your pet is drinking water like it’s going out of style and seems more tired than usual, diabetes could be the underlying cause.
Hyperthyroidism and Behavioral Quirks
Hyperthyroidism, especially common in older cats, can cause weight loss, increased appetite, and restlessness. If your cat is suddenly bouncing off the walls like a kitten but losing weight, it’s worth checking in with your vet about their thyroid levels.
How Joint Pain Affects Movement and Mood
Joint pain can make your pet move less and grumble more. If your dog or cat seems reluctant to jump, run, or play like they used to, and they’re getting snappier in the process, chronic pain from arthritis or other joint issues could be to blame.
9. Behavioral Changes During Recovery From Illness
Just like humans, pets can act differently while recovering from an illness or injury. Understanding what to expect during this phase can help ease your worries.
What to Expect as Your Pet Heals
As your pet recovers, they may still display some of the behavioral changes you noticed before. For instance, they might be more tired than usual, or they may still be a bit grumpy from the discomfort. This is normal, but keep an eye on whether they’re improving day by day.
Helping Them Transition Back to Normal Routines
Your pet may be a little slower to return to their usual routine, but that’s okay. Make sure to follow your vet’s recommendations for easing them back into exercise, playtime, and regular feeding. Gradual transitions will help them feel more comfortable as they recover.
10. How Stress and Anxiety Mimic Illness
Sometimes, changes in behavior aren’t linked to physical illness at all—they’re a sign of stress or anxiety. Knowing how to differentiate between the two can save you (and your pet) unnecessary vet visits.
Identifying Stress-Related Behaviors
Pets can experience stress just like humans. Changes in the household, new family members, or even a change in routine can make your pet anxious. Symptoms of stress in pets include excessive grooming, pacing, whining, or hiding. If your pet is showing these signs but otherwise seems healthy, stress may be the culprit.
When Anxiety Looks Like Sickness
Anxiety can sometimes look a lot like illness. If your pet is trembling, refusing to eat, or showing signs of distress, anxiety could be behind it. In these cases, working with your vet or a pet behaviorist can help.
11. Tracking Your Pet’s Health Through Behavior Journals
A simple but effective way to monitor your pet’s health is by keeping a behavior journal. This tool can help you notice patterns and catch issues early.
The Benefits of Keeping a Behavior Log
Writing down changes in your pet’s behavior might seem tedious, but it can provide valuable insights. By tracking symptoms like appetite changes, mood swings, or energy levels, you can help your vet identify potential issues faster.
What to Note and Share with Your Vet
When keeping a journal, be as detailed as possible. Note things like the date, what your pet ate (or didn’t eat), how active they were, and any unusual behaviors you noticed. Sharing this information with your vet can lead to a quicker and more accurate diagnosis.
12. Pet Owners’ Role in Early Detection
As pet parents, we’re the front line in catching potential health problems early. Understanding your role in your pet’s health is key to keeping them happy and well.
The Power of Observation
No one knows your pet like you do. By staying observant and attuned to their usual behavior, you’ll be more likely to notice when something’s off. Regular check-ins on their energy levels, eating habits, and overall mood can make a world of difference.
Knowing Your Pet’s ‘Normal’ vs. ‘Abnormal’ Behavior
Every pet is unique. What’s normal for one dog or cat might be unusual for another. By knowing your pet’s typical behavior, you’ll be able to spot changes more easily—and act on them sooner.
13. How to Calmly Respond to Behavioral Changes
It’s natural to worry when your pet isn’t acting like themselves, but panicking won’t help either of you. Learning how to respond calmly can ease your anxiety and ensure you take the right steps.
Avoid Panicking (For Both You and Your Pet)
Your pet can pick up on your stress, so staying calm is important. Before rushing to conclusions, take a deep breath and evaluate the situation. Is this behavior unusual for your pet? How long has it been going on? Keeping a cool head will help you think clearly.
Small Steps You Can Take Before Rushing to the Vet
If the behavior isn’t an emergency, there are small steps you can take at home. Make sure your pet is comfortable, keep an eye on them, and try to determine if there are any environmental stressors. Sometimes, a little rest or a quiet space is all they need.
14. Conclusion: Trust Your Instincts, Trust Your Pet
At the end of the day, you’re the expert on your pet’s behavior. If something feels off, don’t ignore it. Behavioral changes are often the first clues that your pet might be sick, and catching these early signs can make all the difference. Whether your dog is acting lethargic or your cat is hiding more than usual, trust your instincts and don’t hesitate to consult your vet. After all, while your pet may not speak your language, they definitely speak in actions.
FAQs
Q1: How can I tell if my pet’s behavioral changes are due to illness or stress?
If your pet is showing behavioral changes without any obvious physical symptoms (like vomiting or lethargy), stress could be the cause. However, if the changes persist or are accompanied by signs of illness, it’s best to check with your vet.
Q2: How long should I observe my pet’s behavior before contacting a vet?
It’s recommended to observe your pet for 24-48 hours if they’re showing mild behavioral changes. If the behavior persists or worsens, or if there are other symptoms like vomiting or a loss of appetite, contact your vet right away.
Q3: What are some common illnesses that cause behavioral changes in pets?
Common illnesses include arthritis, urinary tract infections, diabetes, and gastrointestinal problems. Each of these conditions can cause shifts in your pet’s energy levels, eating habits, and mood.
Q4: Can stress cause my pet to act sick even if they’re not ill?
Yes, stress can lead to behaviors that mimic sickness, such as lethargy, hiding, or a loss of appetite. Major changes in routine or environment can trigger stress in pets.
Q5: How can I track my pet’s health over time?
Keeping a behavior journal is a great way to track changes in your pet’s health. Note any significant shifts in behavior, appetite, or energy levels, and share this information with your vet for a more accurate diagnosis.
